Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation

A Donor Leukocyte Infusion is used following an allogeneic stem cell transplant (from donor bone marrow, peripheral blood or cord blood) in an attempt to (1) harness the superior ability of donor T cells to eliminate any residual disease cells (GvT effect), and (2) restore a minimal level of immune function in the patient, whose own immune system has been intentionally destroyed by the myeloablation used to eliminate the disease or condition being treated. Thus, DLI may be used in any indication that can be effectively treated – and in many cases cured – by allogeneic stem cell transplantation. This includes AML, ALL, MDS/MPD, NHL, CML, MM, aplastic anemia, and other leukemias. In every case except multiple myeloma and NHL, the majority of transplants are allogeneic, whereas most MM and NHL transplants are autologous. Stem cell transplants are also being used experimentally in non-cancer indications.